Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dedication …………………………………………………………………………………………………..i
Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………………………………iii
Preface ………………………………………………………………………………………………………vii
Table of Transliteration ………………………………………………………………………………ix
List of Abbreviations ………………………………………………………………………………….xi
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.0. Introduction / Background to the Study……………………………………………. 1
1.1. Definition of Terms and Concepts ………………………………………………….. 11
1.1.1. Ecology ……………………………………………………………………………………..11
1.1.2. Environment …………………………………………………………………………….11
1.1.3. Environmental Abuse ……………………………………………………………….12
1.1.4. Eschatology ………………………………………………………………………………12
1.1.5. Ethics ………………………………………………………………………………………..12
1.1.6. Theology …………………………………………………………………………………..13
1.1.7. Theological Framework …………………………………………………………….13
1.2. Objectives of the Study …………………………………………………………………….13
1.3. Justification of the Study ………………………………………………………………….15
1.4. Research Methodology…………………………………………………………………….16
1.5. Scope of the Study ……………………………………………………………………………17
1.6. Limitation of the Study ……………………………………………………………………19
1.7. Significance of the Study ………………………………………………………………….19
1.8. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………………20
Notes and References ………………………………………………………………………………..21
CHAPTER TWO:
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………25
2.1. Review of Relevant Literature on Islamic Ethics, Eschatology,
and their Philosophies ……………………………………………………………………..25
2.1.1. Eschatology and Morality in Relation to Environmental Abuse …35
2.2. Review of Relevant Literature on Islamic Perspective
on Environment ………………………………………………………………………………49
2.2.1. Islamic Environmental Ethics in Relation to
Islamic Cosmology ……………………………………………………………………50
2.2.2. Islamic Principles on Ecology
(Between Physical and Moral Laws) ………………………………………….60
2.2.3. Islamic Legal (Shari’ah) Provisions on Environment ………………….74
2.2.4. Islamic Response to Environmental Sustainability …………………….83
2.3. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………………98
Notes and References ………………………………………………………………………………101
CHAPTER THREE:
ENVIRONMENTAL ABUSES IN LAGOS AND OGUN STATES,
NIGERIA AND THEIR ETHICAL CONSEQUENCES
3.0. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………….115
3.1. The Importance of Land Resources and Their Abuses ……………………116
3.1.1. Importance of Land in Islamic Cosmogony …………………………….116
3.1.2. The Abuse of Land Resources in Lagos and Ogun States ………….121
3.1.2.1. Indiscriminate Waste Disposal ………………………………………….121
3.1.2.2. Reckless Sand Mining/Excavation …………………………………….130
3.1.2.3. Sand Filling / Land Reclamation ……………………………………….131
3.1.2.4. Prostitution / Alcoholism ………………………………………………….134
3.2. The Importance of Air Resources and Their Abuses ……………………….135
3.2.1. The Importance of Air Resources …………………………………………….135
3.2.2. The Abuse of Air Resources in Lagos and Ogun States …………….137
3.3. The Importance of Water Resources and Their Abuses …………………..141
3.3.1. The Importance of Water Resources ………………………………………..141
3.3.2. The Abuse of Water Resources in Lagos and Ogun States ………..144
3.4. Other Abuses of the Environment in Lagos and Ogun States …………146
3.4.1. Noise Pollution ………………………………………………………………………..146
3.4.2. Deforestation …………………………………………………………………………..151
3.4.3. Defacing of Public Utilities with Posters ………………………………….152
3.5. Ethical Consequences of Environmental Abuses in
Lagos and Ogun States …………………………………………………………………..154
3.6. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………….160
Notes and References ………………………………………………………………………………162
CHAPTER FOUR:
ISLAMIC THEOLOGY IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL ABUSE
4.0. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………….171
4.1. Conceptual Correlation between Ecology and Islamic Ethics ………..172
4.2. Conceptual Correlation between Ecology and Islamic
Eschatological Belief ………………………………………………………………………180
4.3. Correlation between Sanctity of Life and
Environmental Sustainability …………………………………………………………191
4.4. Theological Framework to Combat Environmental Abuse ……………..198
4.5. Strategies for the Implementation of the Theological Framework …..207
4.5.1. The Role of Religious (Islamic) Scholars in Combating
Environmental Challenges ………………………………………………………208
4.5.2. The Roles of Religious (Islamic) Organizations in
Combating Environmental Challenges ……………………………………214
4.6. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………….220
Notes and References ………………………………………………………………………………221
CHAPTER FIVE:
CONCLUSION
5.0. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………….233
5.1. Summary ……………………………………………………………………………………….233
5.2. Findings …………………………………………………………………………………………236
5.3. Recommendations …………………………………………………………………………239
5.4. Contribution to knowledge ……………………………………………………………245
5.5. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………….245
Notes and References ………………………………………………………………………………247
BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………………………………………249
LIST OF INTERVIEWEES ………………………………………………………………………259